Solar wind

[M!Zare 48,037]

The solar wind is a stream of charged particles ejected from the upper atmosphere of the sun

 

[M!Zare 48,037]

It mostly consists of electrons and protons with energies usually between 10 and 100 KeV. The stream of particles varies in temperature and speed over time. These particles can escape the Sun's gravity because of their high kinetic energy and the high temperature of the corona

 

[M!Zare 48,037]

The solar wind creates the heliosphere, a vast bubble in the interstellar medium that surrounds the Solar system. Other phenomena include geomagnetic storms that can knock out power grids on Earth, the aurorae (northern and southern lights), and the plasma tails of comets that always point away from the Sun

 

 

[Mr. Specific 43,573]

MerC miss fluid...
fantastic topic:a030:
please, continue it to the end.

[M!Zare 48,037]

The continuous stream of particles flowing outward from the Sun was first suggested by British astronomer Richard C. Carrington . In 1859, Carrington and Richard Hodgson independently made the first observation of what would later be called a solar flare. This is a sudden outburst of energy from the Sun's atmosphere. On the following day, a geomagnetic storm was observed, and Carrington suspected that there might be a connection.George Fitzgerald later suggested that matter was being regularly accelerated away from the Sun and was reaching the Earth after several days

[M!Zare 48,037]

The ideas of Fitzgerald and others were further developed by the Norwegian physicist Kristian Birkeland. His geomagnetic surveys showed that auroral activity was nearly uninterrupted. As these displays and other geomagnetic activity were being produced by particles from the Sun, he concluded that the Earth was being continually bombarded by "rays of electric corpuscles emitted by the Sun".

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[alimec 23,102]

دوستانی که زبانشون خوبه دست ما رو هم بگیرن

درخواست:

1- ترجمه لغات مهم

2- ترجمه کلی در صورتی که وقت دارین

[M!Zare 48,037]

دوستانی که زبانشون خوبه دست ما رو هم بگیرن

درخواست:

1- ترجمه لغات مهم

2- ترجمه کلی در صورتی که وقت دارین

از پاراگراف مورد نظر نقل قول گرفته و لغات خاص مورد نظر را نیز بلد کنید تا بکمک دوستان مفهوم را درک نماییم.

[alimec 23,102]

از پاراگراف مورد نظر نقل قول گرفته و لغات خاص مورد نظر را نیز بلد کنید تا بکمک دوستان مفهوم را درک نماییم.

نظرتون چیه دوستی که متن رو می ذاره خودش این کار رو بکنه/ بعد خودش جواب بده / حالا مثلا 48 ساعت بعد

و کارهای دیگه که سرعت یادگیری رو زیاد می کنه

[M!Zare 48,037]

نظرتون چیه دوستی که متن رو می ذاره خودش این کار رو بکنه/ بعد خودش جواب بده / حالا مثلا 48 ساعت بعد

و کارهای دیگه که سرعت یادگیری رو زیاد می کنه

:167:سخته ...چون باز هم جای سوال میمونه.

[Mr. Specific 43,573]

the solar wind is a stream of charged particles ejected from the upper atmosphere of the sun

ذرات باردار

خارج شده

[M!Zare 48,037]

It mostly consists of electrons and protons with energies usually between 10 and 100 KeV. The stream of particles varies in temperature and speed over time. These particles can escape the Sun's gravity because of their high kinetic energy and the high temperature of the corona

 

هاله،حلقه نور دور خورشید=corona

The solar wind creates the heliosphere, a vast bubble in the interstellar medium that surrounds the Solar system. Other phenomena include geomagnetic storms that can knock out power grids on Earth, the aurorae (northern and southern lights), and the plasma tails of comets that always point away from the Sun

 

 

 

ماده ای که در فضا ما بین سامانه ستاره ها در راه شیری وجود دارد.

طوفان ژئو مغناطیس(خاصیت مغناطیسی زمین)

 

خالی کردن

شفق

 

ستاره دنباله دار

[M!Zare 48,037]

Around the 1930s, scientists had determined that the temperature of the solar corona must be a million degrees Celsius because of the way it stood out into space (as seen during total eclipses). Later spectroscopic work confirmed this extraordinary temperature. In the mid-1950s the British mathematician Sydney Cgapman calculated the properties of a gas at such a temperature and determined it was such a superb conductor of heat that it must extend way out into space, beyond the orbit of Earth. Also in the 1950s, a German scientist named Ludwing Biermann became interested in the fact that no matter whether a comet is headed towards or away from the Sun, its tail always points away from the Sun. Biermann postulated that this happens because the Sun emits a steady stream of particles that pushes the comet's tail away.Wilfried Schröder claims in his book, Who First Discovered the Solar Wind?, that the German astronomer Paul Ahnert was the first to relate solar wind to comet tail direction based on observations of the comet Whipple-Fedke

[b-d 2,058]

یعنی این متن باید کلا ترجمه شه؟

[M!Zare 48,037]

یعنی این متن باید کلا ترجمه شه؟

نه.هدف اصلی مطالعه متن به زبان اصلی و پرسش سوالاتی است که ممکن است پیش بیاید.اما به درخواست دوستان..برخی معانی و اصطلاحات نیز ذکر میشود

[M!Zare 48,037]

Eugene Parker realised that the heat flowing from the Sun in Chapman's model and the comet tail blowing away from the Sun in Biermann's hypothesis had to be the result of the same phenomenon, which he termed the "solar wind".Parker showed that even though the Sun's corona is strongly attracted by solar gravity, it is such a good conductor of heat that it is still very hot at large distances. Since gravity weakens as distance from the Sun increases, the outer coronal atmosphere escapes supersonically into interstellar space. Furthermore, Parker was the first person to notice that the weakening effect of the gravity has the same effect on hydrodynamic flow as a de Laval nozzle: it incites a transition from subsonic to supersonic flow

[alimec 23,102]

:viannen_38:

[M!Zare 48,037]

:viannen_38:

مشکل پیش اومده؟

[M!Zare 48,037]

Opposition to Parker's hypothesis on the solar wind was strong. The paper he submitted to the Astrophysical Journal in 1958 was rejected by two reviewers. It was saved by the editor Surahmanyan Chandrasekhar (who later received the 1983 Nobble prizein physics

In January 1959, the Soviet satellite Luna 1 first directly observed the solar wind and measured its strength. They were detected by hemispherical ion traps. The discovery, made by Konstantin Gringauz was verified by Luna 2,Luna 3 and by the more distant measurements of Venera 1. Three years later its measurement was performed by Americans (Neugebauer and collaborators) using the Mariner 2 spacecraft

[M!Zare 48,037]

The continuous stream of particles flowing outward from the Sun was first suggested by British astronomer Richard C. Carrington . In 1859, Carrington and Richard Hodgson independently made the first observation of what would later be called a solar flare. This is a sudden outburst of energy from the Sun's atmosphere. On the following day, a geomagnetic storm was observed, and Carrington suspected that there might be a connection.George Fitzgerald later suggested that matter was being regularly accelerated away from the Sun and was reaching the Earth after several days

 

شراره خورشیدی-جرقه خورشیدی

 

 

طغیان،فوران