جستجو در تالارهای گفتگو
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Now we come to the most popular application of the diode: rectification. Simply defined, rectification is the conversion of alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). This involves a device that only allows one-way flow of electrons. As we have seen, this is exactly what a semiconductor diode does. The simplest kind of rectifier circuit is the half-wave rectifier. It only allows one half of an AC waveform to pass through to the load. (Figure below) Half-wave rectifier circuit. For most power applications, half-wave rectification is insufficient for the task. The harmonic content of the rectifier’s output waveform is very large and consequently difficult to filter. Furthermore, the AC power source only supplies power to the load one half every full cycle, meaning that half of its capacity is unused. Half-wave rectification is, however, a very simple way to reduce power to a resistive load. Some two-position lamp dimmer switches apply full AC power to the lamp filament for “full” brightness and then half-wave rectify it for a lesser light output. (Figure below) Half-wave rectifier application: Two level lamp dimmer.
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potentiometer as a sensor of water level elevation When the water level changes, the float will drop following the water level.this causes the potentiometer rotates.This system is designed to detect water levels from 0 to 10m.when the water level is 0 meters, then the potentiometer resistance is minimal (0 ohms) and maximum (10 kohm) when the water level = 10 m. Changes in these constraints will lead to changes in the potentiometer output voltage.so that, if used linear potentiometer type, then the water level changes will be proportional to the potentiometer output voltage.to be more accurate, use an amplifier to strengthen this voltage and then processed by a microcontroller. The use of a potentiometer for controlling the position is quite practical because it requires only one excitation voltage and usually does not require complicated signal processing.Use of potentiometers in particular weaknesses are: Rapid wear due to friction Noise, especially when changing position and when there is loose contact Susceptible to corrosion Sensitive to impurities linear potentiometer as a sensor
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- level sensor
- liquid
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