تاریخچه ماشین ها

[Amin 6457]

Lamborghini

 

History

 

Ferrucio Lamborghini was born on April 28, 1916 in a small Italian farming village, Renazzo di Cento, Ferrara. Even as a small child it was obvious that Ferrucio had a keen aptitude for anything mechanical. During WWII he was drafted into the Italian services where he repaired vehicles. After the war he built tractors from spare parts to help his country recoup after suffering the devastation of the war years.

In 1963 he founded the Lamborghini Automobili company due to his lack of satisfaction with the Ferrari he owned. He knew he could build a better car. He used his birth sign, Taurus the bull, as a symbol for his cars. Most of his cars were named in connection with bulls. In March of 1964 the first production car arrived, the 350 GT. During the 60's the future of the company looked very bright. The 350 GT, the 400 GT and the 400 GT 2+2 made the Lamborghini name known throughout the world. The Miura made it legendary. The successors, Countach and the Espada, kept the company alive during some very troubling times.

In 1973 Ferrucio sold all of his companies and retired to his vineyard in Italy's Umbria province. He produced a red wine called Colli del Trasimento know as "Blood of the Miura". He died on February 20, 1993 at the age of 77.

[Amin 6457]

Ferrari

 

History

 

Enzo Ferrari was born on February 18, 1898 near Modena, Italy. When he was 10 his father took him to an automobile race in Bologna. After attending a number of other races, he decided he wanted to become a racing car driver.

While working at a small carmaker involved with converting war surplus, Ferrari took up racing. In 1919 he finished ninth at the Targa Florio. He ended up landing a job with Alfa Romeo and drove a modified production car in the 1920 Targa Florio. Ferrario managed to finish second.

In 1923 while racing at the Circuit of Sivocci at Ravenna he was approached by Count Enrico and Countess Paolina Baracca, the parents of the heroic Italian pilot Francesco Baracca. Francesco was known as the Italian ace of aces. He died on Mount Montello during the war. His parents gave Ferrari their son's squadron badge, which was the famous prancing horse on a yellow shield.

Enzo Ferrari was connected with Alfa Romeo for many years, however, he built only a few sports cars bearing his name and his famous prancing horse badge. In 1929 Enzo formed the Scuderia Ferrari with the aim of organizing racing for members. The Scuderia Ferrari team competed in 22 events and scored 8 victories and several good placings.

In 1940 Enzo Ferrari left Alfa Romeo and started a new company Auto-Avio Costruzioni Ferrari. During World War II the Ferrari workshop moved from Modena to Maranello. The workshop became a victim of the war in 1944 - it was leveled by bombs. A year after the war in 1946 the shop was rebuilt and work began on the first ever Ferrari motorcar, the 125 Sport. This car started a grand tradition of winning for Ferrari. Since it's first race in 1947, Ferrari's have had over 5,000 successes on race tracks around the globe.

In 1969 Enzo Ferrari sold 50% of Ferrari's share capital to the Fiat group. That figure grew to 90% in 1988. Enzo Ferrari died at the age of 90 in Modena on August 14, 1988.

[Amin 6457]

Mercedes

 

History

 

Gottlieb Daimler and Carl Benz were born in southern Germany about 10 years and 60 miles apart. Although it's doubtful these two boys ever met or even knew what the other was doing, they were both fascinated by machines.

Daimler was the first man to create a recognized internal combustion vehicle and the first to incorporate a practical transmission system. Shortly after the patent for this combustion motor was applied for, Carl Benz was granted a German patent covering a three-wheel motor car.

In 1866 Daimler built a four-wheeler Victoria-type motor driven carriage. By 1890 the demands for this engine made expansion necessary. A corporation was formed, the Daimler Motor Company. Benz and several associates were also forming a corporation, the Benz & Company, in Mannheim, Germany.

In the first recorded auto race sponsored by the Petit-Journal of Paris in 1894, Daimler built engines were the first three winning cars. Over the years the Daimler built cars continually gained prestige for their high-speed performance.

Daimler continued his automotive research and was credited with many inventions prior to his death in 1900. He left control of his company to his chief engineer Wilhelm Mayback.

Emil Jellinek of Vienna, a wealthy banker-sportsman, was very impressed by the success of the Daimler motor in racing competition. In the early 1890's he purchased controlling stock interest in Daimler. Jellinek encouraged Daimler to create what was to be the most powerful car of its day. In 1900 the 4-cylinder Daimler was completed. The car was christened in honor of Emil Jellinek's beautiful daughter, Mercedes. The new car was an immediate sensation.

Following the war, the social unrest and a falling economy made automobile production increasingly disastrous. After a few attempts to merge Benz and Company with Daimler Motor Company an agreement was made and the two companies merged on June 28, 1926.

[Amin 6457]

Porsche

 

History

 

Ferdinand Porsche was designing cars since 1931, but the first car to bear his name was the Porsche 356 15 years later. It was called the 356 because it was the 356th project off the Porsche design desk. The 356 was built in 1946 and went into production in 1948 in Stuttgart, Germany. Over a 16 year production run the 356 improved dramatically. The later 356's set the pace for the now famous reputation of Porsche cars.

In 1963 the Porsche 911 (which was originally named Porsche 901) was show at the Frankfort Motor Show. Production began on the 911 in 1964. Over the years many variations were made to the 911, but the pre-1974 cars are still viewed as the most classic.

In 1966 the Boxster was created to provide a new mid-engine and more affordable Porsche.

1998 marked the 50th anniversary of the production of Porsche. At that time it was said that over 1 million Porsches have been built and 2/3 of them are still on the road

[Amin 6457]

Corvette

 

History

 

During World War II servicemen stationed in Europe were attracted to the sporty British MG. Ownership of this 2 seater sports car was limited to a small, elite group. After the war General Motors reasoned that a sports car tailored to American driving conditions and comforts that an affluent population wanted in their cars would sell well. It would also boost the stodgy image of Chevrolet.

Immediately upon becoming chief engineer at Chevrolet, Ed Cole tripled the engineering staff. Harley J. Earl was hired in 1953 to design their cars. Earl was bitten by the innovative and sports car design that he had witnessed after World War II. Earl was determined to bring the sports car to America. The Chevrolet Corvette, the first American sports car, was introduced in 1953 by General Motors. The first cars were only available in white with red interior. The suggested retail price was $3,490.

Zora Arkus-Duntov was also hired in 1953 as assistant staff engineer. He later became Corvette's chief engineer. Without his help, Corvette production would have been halted in 1955. Changes were made to the Corvette in 1956 and 1957 to develop the Vette into a genuine sports car.

Harley Earl retired in the early 1960s. With the new leadership and fresh ideas of the General Motor's new chief of design, Bill Mitchell, the incredibly successful Stingray was born. Tradition was broken as the totally redesigned Corvette was offered as a coupe or a convertible with 4 engine choices. Both featured a streamlined appearance and improved passenger accommodations. Americans loved the 1963-1967 Stingrays because they were fast machines that looked supersonic even when parked. They remain the most collectible Corvettes today.

In July of 1992 the one millionth Corvette, a white convertible with red interior to mimic the first Corvette, was produced.

[Amin 6457]

Viper

 

History

 

In 1989 Chrysler was on the brink of another financial collapse. A strategic head-turner was needed to restore the public's faith in Chrysler Corporation again.

Robert A. Lutz, a true car enthusiast, thought about combining the upcoming 1994 Ram Truck V10, which contained a new heavy-duty 5 spd transmission, with the simplicity yet stunning style of the Cobra. A four man team was formed to bring this idea to reality. The team included Robert A. Lutz, the inspiration and genius behind the vehicle, Tom Gale, in design, Francois Castaing in engineering, and Carroll Shelby as further inspiration.

The prototype was created. The next step of turning concept into reality for the cash-strapped and chronic "yester-tech" Chrysler Corporation was the real challenge. The Viper concept car was a huge success.

Project teams were created to build the Viper. There were some tough times before the Viper was finally launched as a production model in 1992. The Viper was released the same year and has won accolades from business people, dealers, competitors and car-lovers. It became the new icon for America's Sports Car.

[Amin 6457]

Jaguar

 

History

 

The history of the Jaguar starts back in 1922 in Blackpool where Swallow Sidecar Company was building motorcycle sidecars. The stylish sidecars were built by two imaginative men, William Lyons and William Walmsley. With things going well, Lyons built a more stylish body that was mounted on the Austin chassis.

The sales of the cars and sidecars increased the company, but Lyons wanted to expand the company further. Walmsley was less interested and left the company in 1934. In 1935 Lyons was persuaded to change the company name to Jaguar. In 1948 at the Earls Court Motor Show the XK 120 Roadster was introduced by Jaguar. The Roadster was the fastest motorcar to date reaching a top speed of 120 mph along with superb road holding and styling plus a smooth ride. The car was a big money earner for Jaguar and became one of the greatest classics of all time.

The Jaguar MK I was launched in 1955 to meet the demands of a larger market than they were targeting. The Jaguar MK II was launched in 1959 with instant success followed by the Jaguar E-type in 1961.

Sir William Lyons died in 1985.